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Trees and shrubs are actually pretty easy. There's really not all that many different ones and most don't require flowers to come up with a positive ID (though they help immeasurably). Trees...

What'll really help you more is a Plant Taxonomy class. If that isn't an option, speak to the prof who teaches Wildlife Biology (or some variant of that) and see if you can get them to offer it....

Your red berried thing:
http://www.discoverlife.org/20/q?search=Lonicera+morrowii
or
http://www.invasive.org/species/subject.cfm?sub=3040
Hard to tell without seeing the flower or knowing if the...

I just checked the book you mentioned on Amazon... Check the one 3 star review.
It is definitely helpful to learn the various characteristics of plant families, square stems for mints for example,...

I don't know the book Botony in a Day but mistrust the title...

Honeysuckle here has red berries, some of them stuck together as you describe. I'm not saying I'm right, just that Partridge Berry...

Partridge berry is a prostrate viney thing that creeps along the ground and the leaves usually have a nearly white veining feature. That red-berried thing looks more like a honeysuckle. But I'm on...